Lithium iron phosphate battery: long cycle life and good safety

lithium-ion batteries use lithium iron phosphate as the cathode material. Its characteristics are that it does not contain precious elements such as cobalt, the price of raw materials is low, and the content of phosphorus and iron is very rich. The LFP battery has moderate operating voltage (3.2V), large capacity per unit weight (170mAh/g), high discharge power, fast charging, long cycle life, and high stability in high temperature and high thermal environments.

1. High safety, high rate charge and discharge characteristics and long cycle life. According to the literature, charge it to 3.65V at 1C rate, then switch to constant voltage until the current drops to 0.02C, and then discharge at 1C rate to the cut-off voltage of 2.0V, after 1600 cycles, the battery capacity is still 80% of the initial capacity .

2. It has good fast charging characteristics. Under the condition of charging at 3C rate , the LFP battery can be charged to 55% in 15 minutes, and reach more than 95% of the capacity in 30 minutes.

wellpack-lithium iron phosphate batteries

3. The biggest advantage of LFP battery is its good safety. The chemical properties of LFP are stable, and the high temperature stability is good. It will start to decompose at 700-800 °C, and it will not release oxygen molecules in the face of impact, acupuncture, short circuit, etc., and will not cause violent combustion.

4. The disadvantage is that its performance is greatly affected by temperature. Especially in the low temperature environment, the discharge capacity and capacity will be greatly reduced. The energy density is low, only 120Wh/kg.

Compared with ternary lithium-ion batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries with low raw material prices, high safety and long service life have obvious advantages. Many battery manufacturers are also confident in the larger scale market of lithium iron phosphate. the advantages of low cost, long life and high safety of lithium iron phosphate will gradually appear in the fields of passenger cars, commercial vehicles and special vehicles.